Patterns of university online teaching and learning delivery approaches and students’ performance during COVID-19

COVID-19 required new off-school technology-based learning environments for educational continuity. This study described the online delivery modes of lectures and tutorials in a university in Brunei Darussalam during COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 818 students from eight faculties. Data were collected through online surveys and analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results show that students reported positive perceptions of online teaching and learning delivery modes. Online live lectures and tutorial sessions were the most frequent teaching and learning delivery modes, and these were reported more in health-related faculties. Our simple and multiple linear regression analyses showed that a strong positive perception of online teaching and learning delivery modes, using PowerPoint with audios and engaging students in online discussion forums tutorials were positively associated with student academic performance. The results imply that the online teaching and learning delivery modes adopted in crisis situations influence student satisfaction and academic performance. This study highlights why the use of multiple instructional delivery modes during crises can improve online teaching and learning.