MXene Ti₃C₂Tx, EGaIn, and Carbon Nanotube Composites on Polyurethane Substrates for Strain Sensing, Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, and Joule Heating

Developing multifunctional electronic fabrics with sensingcapabilities,electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and Joule heating performanceholds great significance for health monitoring and medical protection.However, most fabrics struggle to combine multiple functions and optimizethem simultaneously. For example, achieving both high sensitivityand a wide detection range in sensing devices remains a challenge.In this paper, we present a multidimensional composite structure comprisingMXene Ti(3)C(2)Tx nano lamellar, self-assembledlotus leaf-like MXene/EGaIn and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) assembledon the surface of thermoplastic polyurethane to create a multifunctionalMXene EGaIn/MXene CNT fabric (MEMC fabric). The multidimensional materialsform a stable conductive network under tension. As a strain sensor,the MEMC fabric exhibits a large sensing range (0-360%) andultra-high sensitivity (GF & SIM; 114,700), making it suitable forartificial eardrum research. Additionally, MEMC demonstrates excellentEMI shielding effect (& SIM;73 dB) and maintains good EMI shieldingperformance under tensile conditions. The fabric also showcases outstandingJoule heating performance (low voltage drive & SIM;2 V, fast heatingtime & SIM;13 s, and high heating stability & SIM;4000 s). Thispaper also demonstrates the multifunctional combination of MEMC fabrics,achieving simultaneous sensing, EMI shielding, and Joule heating functionsunder stretching. This work offers a forward-looking approach forconstructing multifunctional composite fabrics, and the resultingMEMC composite materials hold potential applications in portable electronicdevices and defense industries.