Modelling Of Spad-Based Time-Of-Flight Measurement Techniques

For applications like autonomous driving a fast and reliable monitoring of the vehicle's environment is essential. With the possibility of fabricating single-photon avalanche diodes in standard CMOS processes, small and cost-efficient time-of-flight sensors can be realized. To estimate the performance of such a sensor a general theoretical model taking into account the properties of the light source, the sensor, and the environment is of key importance. In this paper we will present a model to predict the performance parameters like achievable range and precision of different time-of-flight measurement techniques.