Implementation and performance analysis of the IDEAL algorithm for fluid flow and heat transfer in porous media based on OpenFOAM

The importance of simulating fluid flow and heat transfer within porous media is crucial for both scientific exploration and engineering design. However, the efficiency of such simulations frequently does not meet expectations. In this study, the IDEAL algorithm, recognized for its efficiency and robustness in pressure–velocity coupling, is utilized to address the simulation of porous media problem. The corresponding solver named ‘porousTIdealFoam’ is developed utilizing OpenFOAM. Then, its computing performance for complex porous media problems is analyzed. The results show that for the larger under-relaxation factor, the IDEAL algorithm has good convergence, while the SIMPLE algorithm that is commonly used has poor convergence and cannot even obtain the convergent solution. As the porosity decreases or the flow rate increases within the porous medium, the convergence of the IDEAL algorithm improves. Employing the optimal under-relaxation factor, the IDEAL algorithm can achieve a reduction in computation time ranging from 30% to 70% relative to the SIMPLE algorithm. In summary, the IDEAL algorithm demonstrates superior robustness and efficiency compared to the SIMPLE algorithm when addressing complex porous media problem. This research presents an efficient numerical simulation algorithm tailored for complex porous media problems.