Numerical and experimental investigations of swirl-stabilized partially premixed flames using natural gas-hydrogen-air mixtures

This study uses experimental and numerical techniques to examine natural gas and hydrogen mixtures as fuel with a partially premixed swirl-stabilized burner. Variations in the fuel mixture composition were investigated throughout the course of the study. In the experiments, hydrogen was gradually added to the fuel combination, initially made only of natural gas. Chemiluminescence imaging was used to examine how the addition of hydrogen affected the stability and overall structure of the flame. Throughout the experiments, the overall volumetric fuel flow rate remained constant. The change to the flame stabilization mode from a detached flame to a burner attached flame only happened once a certain volumetric hydrogen ratio (H2VOL%) in the fuel was attained. Numerical simulations also evaluated how the lifted flame dimensions and stabilization method changed. The simulations are performed using a commercial compressible, finite volume Large Eddy Simulation software and include the Thickened Flame Model (TFM) for turbulence-chemistry interactions, the Flamelet Generated Manifold (FGM) combustion model, and the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model. Experimental and numerical results show that the flame lowers and becomes more compact as the H2VOL% increases. Additionally, experimental and numerical data showed that the flame stabilization mode changes for H2VOL% approaching the value of 70%.