A Translational Approach to Using Endocannabinoid Modulators for Targeting Opioid-Associated Memory

It is well established that learning and memory are central to substance dependence. Convincing basic and clinical documents indicate a crucial involvement of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the processing of opioid-associated memory. Despite the considerable progress in treating opioid addiction, current pharmacological strategies are limited. For decades, pharmacologists have sought effective treatments for drug addiction with a focus on various molecular targets are possibly implicated in the various phases of opioid memory. With a substantial gain in understanding the action of the ECS in reward processing and the development of addiction, this review focuses on recent research, placing a primary emphasis on publications that evaluate the roles of the ECS in various phases of opioid memory, including consolidation, extinction, and reconsolidation. According to current documents (mentioned in the tables), cannabinoid receptor type 1 antagonists and cannabinoid receptor type 2 agonists commonly demonstrate the ability to suppress opioid memory. However, the effects of each drug are influenced by three factors: type, dose, and route of administration. Moreover, certain drugs may produce varied effects when used in different paradigms. This review summarizes the therapeutic potential of some ECS-based medications in addiction. However, it underscores the critical need for a substantial number of studies, particularly clinical trials focused on opioid addiction.