Age-standardized Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality Rates of Autoimmune Diseases in Adolescents and Young Adults (15–39 Years): an Analysis Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Autoimmune diseases (ADs) present significant health challenges globally, especially among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) due to their unique developmental stages. Comprehensive analyses of their burden are limited. This study leverages the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 data to assess the global, regional, and national burden and trends of major ADs among AYAs from 1990 to 2021. Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 for individuals aged 15–39 years, we employed a direct method for age standardization to calculate estimates along with 95