Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies and Monoclonal V2 Antibodies Derived from RV305 Inhibit Capture and Replication of HIV-1.
Virology(2024)
Abstract
An important approach to stopping the AIDS epidemic is the development of a vaccine that elicits antibodies that block virus capture, the initial interactions of HIV-1 with the target cells, and replication. We utilized a previously developed qRT-PCR-based assay to examine the effects of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), plasma from vaccine trials, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on virus capture and replication. A panel of bNAbs inhibited primary HIV-1 replication in PBMCs but not virus capture. Plasma from RV144 and RV305 trial vaccinees demonstrated inhibition of virus capture with the HIV-1 subtype prevalent in Thailand. Several RV305 derived V2-specific mAbs inhibited virus replication. One of these RV305 derived V2-specific mAbs inhibited both virus capture and replication, demonstrating that it is possible to elicit antibodies by vaccination that inhibit virus capture and replication. Induction of a combination of such antibodies may be the key to protection from HIV-1 acquisition.
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Key words
Virus capture,Broadly neutralizing antibodies,V2 region,Monoclonal antibodies,Primary virus,HIV-1 vaccine,RV144,RV305,PBMCs,qRT-PCR
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