Ecofriendly Solution Processing of Perovskite Solar Cells Using Water.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) represent a promising avenue for producing cost-effective solar energy by harnessing sunlight, but challenges persist in their solution processing, which uses a large amount of organic solvent for existing PSC technology. The use of water as a solvent offers an environmentally friendly alternative to traditional solvents, aligning with the global drive for sustainable renewable energy technologies. This Perspective provides an overview of research in the area of PSC fabrication using water as a solvent, highlighting key advancements in the synthesis process. We delve into the kinetics of crystallization and the physical-chemical transformations of perovskite materials in water-based solution processing. Key challenges of the scalability of water-based solution processing for PSC fabrication are discussed. The Perspective sheds light on the broader potential for enhancing the ecofriendliness of perovskite solar cell technologies.