Temperature and composition disturbances in the southern auroral region of Jupiter revealed by JWST/MIRI
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Jupiters south polar region was observed by JWST Mid Infrared Instrument in
December 2022. We used the Medium Resolution Spectrometer mode to provide new
information about Jupiters South Polar stratosphere. The southern auroral
region was visible and influenced the atmosphere in several ways. 1: In the
interior of the southern auroral oval, we retrieved peak temperatures at two
distinct pressure levels near 0.01 and 1 mbar, with warmer temperatures with
respect to non auroral regions of 12 pm 2 K and 37 pm 4 K respectively. A cold
polar vortex is centered at 65S at 10 mbar. 2: We found that the homopause is
elevated to 590+25-118 km above the 1-bar pressure level inside the auroral
oval compared to 460+60-50 km at neighboring latitudes and with an upper
altitude of 350 km in regions not affected by auroral precipitation. 3: The
retrieved abundance of C2H2 shows an increase within the auroral oval, and it
exhibits high abundances throughout the polar region. The retrieved abundance
of C2H6 increases towards the pole, without being localized in the auroral
oval, in contrast with previous analysis. We determined that the warming at
0.01 mbar and the elevated homopause might be caused by the flux of charged
particles depositing their energy in the South Polar Region. The 1 mbar hotspot
may arise from adiabatic heating resulting from auroral driven downwelling. The
cold region at 10 mbar may be caused by radiative cooling by stratospheric
aerosols. The differences in spatial distribution seem to indicate that the
hydrocarbons analyzed are affected differently by auroral precipitation.
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