Virtual Nephron: evaluation of a novel virtual reality educational tool

Introduction Recent technological advancements have allowed for the development of innovative and engaging technological tools. Using funding from the ASN, we developed a 3D Virtual Reality (VR) physiology course entitled DiAL-Neph (Diuretic Action and eLectrolyte transport in the Nephron), and we hereby present its evaluation. Methods The study consisted of 2 parts: evaluation of knowledge gain, and qualitative evaluation of platform reception. Internal medicine PGY1 residents were randomly assigned into 2 groups: a VR group and a conventional group. Knowledge acquisition and retention were assessed with a post-test administered at the end of the course and repeated within 6-12 weeks. Independent t-tests were used to compare the number of correct answers between the groups. A survey and focus groups composed of medicine residents evaluated the platform. Sessions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data was analyzed through the content analysis approach by two independent reviewers. Results Of 117 PGY1 resident participants, 64 were randomized to the VR group and 53 were randomized to the traditional group. Initial test results showed higher scores among VR compared to the traditional group (76.5% correct vs. 68.8%). Seventy-eight PGY1s participated in the follow up testing (46 VR group vs. 32 traditional group) and results showed no significant difference in test results. Greater than 90% of the residents rated the platform positively and 77% preferred it as a teaching method. Conclusion The DiAL-Neph VR platform appeared to improve short-term learning but not long-term retention. It was well received by the residents. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of such teaching platforms on overall interest in nephrology.