BPS complexes and Chern–Simons theories from G-structures in gauge theory and gravity
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
We consider a variety of physical systems in which one has states that can be
thought of as generalised instantons. These include Yang–Mills theories on
manifolds with a torsion-free G-structure, analogous gravitational instantons
and certain supersymmetric solutions of ten-dimensional supergravity, using
their formulation as generalised G-structures on Courant algebroids. We
provide a universal algebraic construction of a complex, which we call the BPS
complex, that computes the infinitesimal moduli space of the instanton as one
of its cohomologies. We call a class of these spinor type complexes, which are
closely connected to supersymmetric systems, and show how their Laplacians have
nice properties. In the supergravity context, the BPS complex becomes a double
complex, in a way that corresponds to the left- and right-moving sectors of the
string, and becomes much like the double complex of (p,q)-forms on a Kähler
manifold. If the BPS complex has a symplectic inner product, one can write down
an associated linearised BV Chern–Simons theory, which reproduces several
classic examples in gauge theory. We discuss applications to
(quasi-)topological string theories and heterotic superpotential functionals,
whose quadratic parts can also be constructed naturally from the BPS complex.
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