Developments and challenges on enhancement of photocatalytic CO2 reduction through photocatalysis

The conversion of CO2 into high-value fuels and chemicals has garnered research interest worldwide. The conversion and utilization of CO2 has become one of the most urgent tasks for society. In this context, using solar energy to convert CO2 into high-value fuels such as CH4 and CH3OH has extremely high potential application value. Herein, the research progress and results of applying various photocatalysts in photocatalytic CO2 reduction with various novel catalysts were reviewed. Furthermore, strategies for improving photocatalytic performance were reviewed. Finally, improving the catalytic mechanism of catalysts and designing novel high-activity, high-stability catalysts through comprehensive exploration of the reaction mechanism were suggested to meet the future requirements of industrial production.