Research on heat recovery technology of liquid metal heat dissipation system

In the fields of battery packs, data centers, and chips, the inevitable waste heat threatens the performance and life of devices. To solve this problem, this research developed a self-driven cooling system based on heat recovery. The system uses liquid metal gallium as the cooling medium, uses waste heat to excite energy, and supplies power to the drive pump through the thermoelectric module to complete the cooling cycle. The cooling effect of the system is analyzed in detail through experimentation and simulation. At the same time, the critical modules of the system are optimized, and the topology circuits, including maximum power point tracking (MPPT), boost, and temperature monitoring, are designed and simulated. The temperature changes of the simulated heat source under different flow rates are further discussed. The research shows that the optimized topology circuit can improve the output power of the thermoelectric module by 13 %. Using waste heat, the system can output 5v-50 mA electric energy at a temperature difference of 30 K. The flow rate of liquid metal gallium can reach 100 mL/min, the pressure head is 250 Pa, and the temperature of the simulated heat source can be reduced by 4.5 K. In addition, the reasonable selection of flow rate can not only effectively reduce the device temperature but also reduce the power consumption. Compared with no self-drive, the heat dissipation efficiency is improved by 73.8 %. The system’s heat recovery and self-driving characteristics significantly improve the heat dissipation performance, which provides a significant reference value for the design of self-driving heat dissipation systems in engineering applications.