Green and Fast Quantification of Bisphenol A in Instant Noodles Cup using Iridium Nanoparticle-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

This study presents a method for quantifying the endocrine-disrupting compound Bisphenol A (BPA) in food packages. Carbon-supported iridium nanoparticles were synthesized via formic acid reduction and used to modify a glassy carbon electrode, creating the Ir/C/GCE sensor. Employing this sensor in conjunction with square wave voltammetry, a fast and green electroanalytical methodology was developed and subsequently validated for quantifying BPA in instant noodle cup packages. The optimized and validated analytical method exhibited linearity, with low limits of detection and quantification recorded at 0.011 μmol L−1 and 0.037 μmol L−1, respectively. Besides this, it demonstrated good selectivity and accuracy, complying with major validation guidelines, including those from the International Council for Harmonisation, Eurachem, the European Union, and AOAC International. Furthermore, the environmental sustainability of the method was confirmed using the AGREE metric.