Triassic-Jurassic evolution of the Dabashan Foreland Basin: Detrital zircon perspectives on the tectonic amalgamation of the South China and North China blocks

The Mesozoic Dabashan Foreland Basin, a result of the Mianlue Ocean closure, formed through the collision and amalgamation of the South China and North China blocks. As such, it contains an important record of the tectonic processes leading to the formation of the Qinling Orogenic Belt; however, the timing of transition from basin to mountainous terrains remains debated. Geochronological studies indicate continental collision occurred in the mid-Permian to early Triassic, while some paleomagnetic data suggest a Middle to Late Jurassic occurrence time. Utilizing detrital zircon geochronology and trace element data, in this paper, we examine Triassic-Jurassic sediment provenance patterns during the evolution of the Dabashan Foreland Basin. Results show that in the Middle Triassic, the north Yangtze Block received detrital input from the southern margin of the North China Block. In the Late Triassic, significant tectonic inversion occurred, with detrital sources from the southern margin of North China Block, North Qinling, South Qinling, and the north Yangtze Block. During the early and Middle Jurassic, detrital sources gradually shifted to a dominance from South Qinling, indicating a phased southward migration of collisional orogenic belt sources. Combining thermal events, crustal thickness variations, and paleomagnetic data, we propose a novel model explaining oblique compression along the north Yangtze Block during the early Mesozoic. This model suggests that the Dabashan Foreland Basin likely predates the Middle Triassic, and we contend that crustal deformation and lateral shortening during Mesozoic accretionary orogeny between North China Block and South China Block may explain the debate over collision timing.