Kisspeptin expression during menstruation in PCOS patients undergoing ovulation induction and the correlation with early pregnancy

To examine the pattern of kisspeptin expression throughout the menstrual cycle in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients under the ovulation induction and identify any possible associations with early pregnancy. A prospective cohort of 80 PCOS women who expressed the desire for fertility was enrolled in this study. All of them received the ovulation induction by using letrozole. Levels of kisspeptin, luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol (E2) were measured at three different time points during menstruation. The early pregnancy rate was recorded for the study participants after three ovulation cycles. Kisspeptin levels varied regularly during the menstrual cycle, reaching a peak on the day of hCG injection and decreasing after ovulation. There was no significant correlation between kisspeptin and LH levels. Basal kisspeptin levels decreased after letrozole treatment without a significant difference while LH and E2 levels decreased significantly. PCOS participants who became pregnant early had higher basal kisspeptin levels compared to non-pregnant PCOS patients, which had a significant difference (P = 0.006). And the average basal kisspeptin level in pregnant patients was 2293.0 ± 398.7 pg/ml, with a 95