Pure squamous cell carcinoma of primary pancreatic origin

Introduction. Primary, ?pure? squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an exceptionally rare pancreatic malignancy that has been described in sporadic case reports. The appearance of this rare entity created a diagnostic dilemma for us, therefore, in this case report, we are focused on the radiological detection and characterization, pathogenesis, and therapeutic options of pure pancreatic SCC. Case Outline. In an 80-year-old female patient, a partially necrotic mass in the tail of the pancreas was detected by computed tomography, which is the rarest localization of this tumor. On the performed imaging, the tumor showed predominantly malignant features with a surprising definitive histopathological diagnosis in the direction of pure SCC. Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed because of the infiltration of lienal vascular structures. Conclusion. Due to the very aggressive form of this tumor and poor prognosis, early detection, control of risk factors, genetic burden, and optimization of surgical and therapeutic management can improve the quality of life and prolong the overall survival period.