Telemedicine entrustable professional activities for nurses in long-term care: A modified Delphi study

Background As the use of telemedicine proliferates in community care, it is essential to ensure practice recommendations and guidelines are available to assist healthcare providers in providing telemedicine-based care. This study aimed to develop entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for nursing home nurses involved in telemedicine consultations. Aim To develop entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for nursing home nurses involved in telemedicine consultations. Design Modified Delphi study. Methods The study was conducted in two stages. First, content analysis of 28 healthcare provider interviews and literature review on telemedicine competencies was conducted to develop an initial list of EPAs. An expert workgroup comprising of an international panel of academics and clinicians reviewed the activities. In the second stage, a three-round e-Delphi technique was used to develop telemedicine EPAs for nurses in long-term care. Descriptive statistics and qualitative feedback were distributed to participants after each round. Agreement within survey rounds was computed. Results Six core telemedicine EPAs with 28 descriptors were developed, from preparing the resident for the teleconsultation encounter to follow-up care post-teleconsultation. Agreement coefficients were high across all Delphi rounds. Conclusion This study identifies the core functions that long-term care nurses' are expected to perform in telemedicine consultations. The internationally relevant EPAs are sufficiently broad to be adapted to design telemedicine training and workplace-based assessment for nurses. Organisations may utilize the EPAs as a resource during the implementation process of telemedicine services in long-term care in designing nursing workflow and complement the learning and development of nurses for telemedicine services. Equipping long-term care nurses with this resource can ensure consistency, patient safety and quality of teleconsultations delivered to nursing home residents. However, further work is required to expand the EPAs for application to practice.