Modulation of East Asian atmospheric rivers by the Pacific-Japan teleconnection pattern

Despite growing recognition that atmospheric rivers (ARs) play an important role in summer monsoon rainfall in East Asia, the AR variability related to low-frequency (LF) climate modes remains largely unknown. This study reports the significant control of the Pacific-Japan (PJ) teleconnection pattern on East Asian summer ARs. While Korea and central to eastern Japan experience more frequent, intense, and persistent ARs during the positive PJ, ARs in eastern China become more active during the negative PJ. Such AR activity changes are closely related to the PJ modulation of the western North Pacific subtropical high along which anomalous moisture transport organizes on the LF time scale. This finding suggests that the PJ pattern is an important source of East Asian summer AR variability and needs to be considered in medium-range forecasts of AR-related hydrological extremes.