Optimization of hydrogen refueling strategy: Based on energy consumption and refueling demand

The energy and economic viability of hydrogen refueling stations (HRSs) hold significant importance during their promotion. The cascade hydrogen storage system is advantageous in reducing energy consumption and finds widespread application in HRS. Within the cascade hydrogen storage system, varying pressure switch difference values (PSDVs) correspond to different energy consumptions. Simultaneously, HRS must meet the demand for hydrogen refueling. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to establish an optimization method for PSDV, aiming to optimize energy consumption while satisfying hydrogen refueling demand. In this study, an HRS simulation model was established using the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform to evaluate the effects of PSDV on energy consumption and refueling time. Accordingly, a BPNN proxy model was built to predict these outcomes. On the basis of the proxy model, the Pareto solution set of PSDV was obtained through NSGA-II. Finally, the ideal point estimation method was integrated to assist the decision -makers in determining the refueling strategy. The proposed optimization strategy is capable of reducing energy consumption while still meeting the hydrogen refueling demands of HRS, resulting in a maximum energy reduction of 10.76%.