Diagnostic performance comparisons of two commonly used multi-biomarker-based scores for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
iLIVER(2024)
摘要
Background and aims
The ASAP and GALAD scores are widely used diagnostic models for detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), incorporating factors such as sex, age, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), and lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP (AFP-L3%). This study compares the diagnostic efficacy of the ASAP and GALAD scores in the early detection of HCC in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods
NAFLD patients with and without HCC were recruited from 12 Chinese tertiary hospitals. Serum levels of AFP, PIVKA-II, and AFP-L3% were measured. The diagnostic accuracy of individual biomarkers, the ASAP score, and the GALAD score in detecting NAFLD-HCC at various stages was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) values.
Results
In a cohort of 147 NAFLD-HCC cases and 460 NAFLD controls, both the ASAP and GALAD scores outperformed individual biomarkers in detecting NAFLD-HCC. The ASAP score demonstrated a high AUC of 0.910 (sensitivity: 80.3%, specificity: 92.8%) for identifying NAFLD-HCC at all stages, surpassing AFP (AUC: 0.716, P < 0.001), PIVKA-II (AUC: 0.849, P < 0.001), AFP-L3% (AUC: 0.663, P < 0.001), and the GALAD score (AUC: 0.882, P = 0.014). Comparable results were observed for early-stage NAFLD-HCC and for detecting HCC in NAFLD patients with or without cirrhosis.
Conclusion
The ASAP score, which excludes the AFP-L3% indicator, demonstrated superior performance in differentiating NAFLD-HCC compared to the GALAD score, suggesting its potential for early screening of HCC in NAFLD patients.
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关键词
Hepatocellular carcinoma,Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,Alpha-fetoprotein,Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive alpha-fetoprotein,Protein induced by vitamin K absence or Antagonist-II,ASAP score,GALAD score,Early diagnosis
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