Effect of Tween and CTAB surfactants on aqueous solubility of the silibinin anticancer drug studied by using physicochemical properties at 310.15 K

The silibinin (SB) is an anticancer drug exhibits partial solubility in aqueous medium due to its slightly hydrophobic nature. In this context, the aqueous solubility of SB with Tween 40 (Tw 40), Tween 60 (Tw 60), Tween 80 (Tw 80) and Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactants at 310.15 K are reported. The physicochemical properties (PCPs) such as density (rho, g cm -3 ), Apparent Molar Volume (V phi , cm 3 & sdot; mol - 1 ), viscosity (eta, mPa.s), surface tension ( gamma, mNm - 1 ), friccohesity (sigma, s.m - 1 ), activation energy ( Delta mu 2 *, kJ/mol), and molecular radii (r, nm) of SB with aqueous solution of Tw 40, Tw 60, Tw 80 and CTAB surfactants separately. The PCPs reflects the state of intermolecular forces (IMF) developed between SB and aqueous solutions of Tween (40, 60, 80) and CTAB surfactants with concentration varied from 25 to 150 mu M ( mu M). This study focused on intermolecular interacting mechanism determined by using PCPs to evaluate self-aggregation potential of SB in aqueous surfactants solution. The PCPs data furnished interaction and structure breaking behavior of SB with surfactant molecules. The development of hydrogen bond (HB), hydrophilic, hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions of SB with surfactants which revealed that the structure dependent interacting activities enhances with increasing concentration of SB in aqueous surfactants.