Electron delocalization in a 2D Mott insulator
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
The prominent role of electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional (2D)
materials versus three-dimensional (3D) ones is at the origin of the great
variety of fermionic correlated states reported in the literature. In this
respect, artificial van der Waals heterostructures comprising single layers of
highly correlated insulators allow one to explore the effect of the subtle
interlayer interaction in the way electrons correlate. In this work, we study
the temperature dependence of the electronic properties of a van der Waals
heterostructure composed of a single-layer Mott insulator lying on a metallic
substrate by performing quasi-particle interference (QPI) maps. We show the
emergence of a Fermi contour in the 2D Mott insulator at temperatures below
11K, which we attribute to the delocalization of the Mott electrons associated
with the formation of a quantum coherent Kondo lattice. This Kondo lattice
introduces a new periodicity in the system, so that the resulting Fermi surface
encompasses both the substrate conduction electrons and the now delocalized
correlated electrons from the 2D Mott insulator. Density Functional Theory
calculations allow us to pinpoint the scattering vectors responsible for the
experimentally observed quasi-particle interference maps, thus providing a
complete picture of the delocalization of highly correlated electrons in a 2D
Mott insulator.
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