The SPES Laser Ion Source: Time Structure and Laser Enhancement Measurements with Sm⁺ beam

Abstract A two-step resonance photo-ionization scheme has been used to ionize samarium atoms in the SPES tantalum hot-cavity ion source. The effect of the ion load on the ion beam time structure and the laser enhancement of the ion yield has been studied at different ion source temperatures. Generally, the introduction of more positive ions (ion load) affects negatively the overall confinement of the laser ions inside the volume of the ion source. Possible enhancement of the laser ion confinement through the introduction of neutrals is observed as well. The ion load is also observed to affect the confinement in the transfer line much more than in the hot cavity. Measurement of the time structure with inverted polarity of the cavity DC heating supply confirmed the significance of the longitudinal potential for ion extraction. The laser enhancements of the ion yield are found to be sensitive to the ion load at low operating temperature of the ion source i.e. 1800°C, whereas at 2050°C and 2200°C, they are relatively stable till an ion load value of 1.2 µA.