Electroconvulsive therapy in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A retrospective cohort and scoping review of literature
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY(2024)
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms in N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDARE) have led some to pursue empiric trials of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). A scoping review identified 39 patients diagnosed with NMDARE undergoing ECT. Separately, a retrospective cohort was reviewed to characterize 21 patients. Clinical improvement was attributed to ECT in 49% of patients in the scoping review and 19% of patients in the retrospective cohort; timing of immunotherapies was a confounding factor. Worsening of clinical course following ECT was reported in 28% of patients in the scoping review and 38% of patient in the retrospective review. There is currently insufficient data supporting a beneficial effect of ECT in NMDARE.
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Key words
Electroconvulsive therapy,N -methyl,D -aspartate receptor encephalitis,Autoimmune encephalitis,Neuropsychiatric symptoms,Catatonia
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