Decellularized vascular matrix material -TEVG coated with PRP for anti-degradation and anti-inflammation

Abstract Background Vascular regeneration is closely associated with inflammation response and the degradation rate of implants. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains various cytokines and proteins, and autologous PRP can be used to treat implants to reduce inflammation response. Objective To reduce the immune rejection response and degradation rate of implants in vivo by adding different derivatives of PRP. Methods TEVG were separately mixed with PBS, FIB, PGF, and PGF-blend to prepare different ECM implants for cell co-culture and subcutaneous transplantation experiments in rats. Tissue morphology was observed through HE, MASSON staining, and scanning electron microscopy. The impact of TEVG on macrophages was observed through cell immunofluorescence and WB. Subcutaneous transplantation in rats was assessed through HE and MASSON staining, immunofluorescence staining for CD206, CD86 to observe cell quantity and M2/M1 ratio. Results PBS, FIB, PGF, and PGF-blend exhibited unique morphologies under scanning electron microscopy. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed an increase in M2/M1 ratio with PGF and PGF- coated, increasing water absorption capacity, and slowing down the metabolism of ECM materials in the body. Additionally, PRP downregulates multiple inflammation-related genes, reducing inflammatory response . Conclusion PGF and PGF- can reduce the immune rejection response of TEVG subcutaneous transplantation and decrease its degradation rate by reducing collagen loss in the implants.