PUF-Kyber: Design of a PUF-Based Kyber Architecture Benchmarked on Diverse ARM Processors

It is well-studied that quantum computing breaks the security of the current worldwide implemented public key cryptosystems. This forces us toward post quantum cryptography (PQC) whose security remains solid even against adversaries having access to quantum computers. For this matter, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced four winners in 2022. Among them, CRYSTALS-Kyber which is the only KEM/PKE algorithm, is the aim of this paper. In this paper, through using physical unclonable functions (PUF) and true random number generators (TRNG), we improve the overall security of Kyber and provide physical security to it. Our implementation results on ARMv7 and ARMv8 architectures, indicate significant speedup, compared to the reference work. For example, for the CCA.KEM-KeyGen() algorithm, we achieved roughly 26%, 13%, and 10% speedup at security levels of 512, 768, and 1024 on ARMv7 implementation, and 25%, 12%, and 10% for ARMv8 implementation. Comparing the implementation results of our design with the reference work indicates that both the security and the system performance are improved.