Quantitative Pupillometry: Clinical Applications for the Internist

From the time of Galen, examining of the pupillary light reflex has been a standard of care across the continuum of healthcare. The growing body of evidence overwhelmingly supports the use of quantitative pupillometry over subject examination with flashlight or penlight. At current time, pupillometers have become standard-of-care in many hospitals across six continents. This review paper provides an overview and rationale for pupillometer use and highlights literature supporting pupillometer derived measures of the pupillary light reflex in both neurological and non-neurological patients across the healthcare continuum.