Micro-edm of ti-6al-4v using various tool materials: multi-response optimization and surface characterization

In this paper, experimental analysis was performed during micro-electrical discharge machining (micro-EDM) of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (grade 5) using three types of tools viz. copper (Cu) tool, tungsten carbide (WC) tool, and synthetic graphite (Gr) grade three tool. The main process parameters were taken as (a) pulse on time (T-on), (b) pulse off time (T-off), (c) voltage (V), and (d)capacitance (C). The output responses were taken as the material removal rate (MRR) and tool wear rate (TWR). Taguchi method coupled with grey relational analysis (GRA) (L-16 orthogonalarray) technique was applied to optimize the input process parameters for both the responses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the workpiece and tool was also performed to investigate the morphology of the machined surface and tool surface. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) analysis was performed to investigate the elemental composition of the machined surface. The experimental finding reveals that tungsten carbide is the most suitable tool material for machining the chosen workpiece for obtaining optimal MRR and TWR. The optimum condition for the copper tool was found as 180 V, 1000 pf, 10 mu s(T-on), and 10 mu s(T-off). Meanwhile, the optimum parametric condition for tungsten carbide and graphite tools was found to be the same as 240 V,100 pf, 20 mu s (T-on), and 5 mu s(T-off).