Generalized wall-modeled large eddy simulation model for industrial applications

In this work, a generalized wall-modeled large eddy simulation model (GWMLES) is presented. An extended formulation of the classical WMLES approach is proposed that also enables the modeling of the entire log-layer by using a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model. GWMLES is validated against direct numerical simulations, large eddy simulations (LES), WMLES, hybrid RANS/LES, unsteady RANS (URANS), and experimental data of test cases featuring industrial flows. It is demonstrated that GWMLES does not share the main shortcoming of current WMLES models. When the entire log-layer is solved with a RANS model, GWMLES gives a level of accuracy similar to recent LES results, as well as computational cost savings that are proportional to the Reynolds number in wall-bounded flows. The model shows superior performance than URANS even when the resolved portion of the energy spectrum is reduced. Motivated by the different time scales of the flow and RANS variables, it requires approximately 30% lower computational costs than the detached eddy simulation family models in the turbulent flows considered. These features represent significant advancements in the simulation of wall-bounded flows at high Reynolds numbers, particularly in industrial applications.