The effect of methanol extract of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) on vimentin expression in the testes of rats (Pattus norvegicus) with induced cryptorchidism

Background: Clove is one of the spices that have strong antioxidant activity among other spices. The high concentration of ROS in cryptorchid testes is a major factor in the risk of developing testicular tumors. The aim of this study is that to determine the effect of methanol extract of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) on the expression of Vimentin testis of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) with a unilateral cryptorchidism model. Methods: The experimental animals used were 24 male rats aged 21 days which were divided into six treatment groups. The negative control group was conducted sham surgery and it was given aquadest orally for 18 days (K-1) and 36 days (K-2). Meanwhile, the positive control group was induced by cryptorchid surgery and it was given aquadest orally for 18 days (K+1) and 36 days (K+2). Moreover, the treatment group was induced by surgical induction of cryptorchidism and treated with methanol extract of cloves at a dose of 70 mg/kg BW orally for 18 day (P+1) and 36 days (P+2). Vimentin immunostaining was evaluated by using the Index Remmele Scale (IRS) scoring method. Furthermore, data analysis by using Kruskal Wallis followed by Mann Whitney test. Results: The treatment group variables give a significant difference (p<0.05) on the expression of Vimentin, but no significant difference is found between the variable days of treatment and the treatment group on the expression of Vimentin. Conclusion: The addition of cloves methanol extract can reduce the expression of Vimentin in the testes of rats with unilateral cryptorchidism model.