Aggregation of magnetized nanoparticles (TiO2-EG) across stretching disc with pollutant concentration

In recent years, there has been a growth in demand for improved heat transfer and control over the transportation of pollutants in complex systems. Understanding the interconnected effects of multiple aspects is critical for developing efficient techniques and ensuring ecological stability in disciplines such as environmental engineering, materials production, and nanostructures. Despite the significance of this finding, the current study investigates the combined effects of nanoparticle aggregation and non-aggregation on magnetohydrodynamics and pollutant concentration in the Bödewadt flow of a stretching disc. By applying suitable similarity criteria, the controlling partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The Runge-Kutta Fehlberg fourth and fifth-order technique is applied to solve these ODEs. Graphical representations of the numerical results are provided, and key engineering parameters are examined both with and without nanoparticle aggregation. The results indicate that the azimuthal velocity will be reduced by stretching and magnetic constraints while the concentration will be increased by induced pollutant concentration and external pollution source variation parameters. Moreover, compared to non-aggregated nanoparticles, aggregated nanoparticles show increased surface drag force and heat transmission rate.