FIGURE 2 from Humanized Patient-derived Xenograft Models of Disseminated Ovarian Cancer Recapitulate Key Aspects of the Tumor Immune Environment within the Peritoneal Cavity

High M-CSF production influences the development of myeloid cells in huNBSGW PDX. A, Diagram of the huPDX study. B, Change in human CD45⁺ cell populations in peripheral blood before tumor engraftment versus end stage for each mouse (n = 3 mice/group). CD19⁺ B cells, CD3⁺ T cells, and CD11b⁺ myeloid cells make up the majority of human immune cells in the blood. Note that terminal samples from huPDX9 ms3 were not collected as the mouse died unexpectedly overnight. Mouse numbers are listed as ms1–3. C, Average percentage of human myeloid cells in the peripheral blood of huPDX before and after tumor challenge (values are the average ± SD). P values are based on an unpaired two-tailed Student t test. ***, P < 0.0005; **, P < 0.005; *, P < 0.05; n.s., not significant). D, Percentage of CD11b⁺ human myeloid cells in huPDX ascites fluid at end stage. E, M-CSF concentration in patient ascites fluid measured by ELISA. Samples were assayed in duplicate. Error bars are SD. F, M-CSF concentrations in PDX ascites fluid measured by cytokine array. G, M-CSF gene expression levels in patient samples as determined by RNA-seq analysis of primary patient samples and non-huPDX samples. H, GMCSF concentrations in PDX ascites fluid measured by cytokine array. Black dots represent the value for each sample. Bars are the average level and error bars are SEM. H = humanized NH = non-humanized.