Precision Integration of Uniform Molecular-Level Carbon into Porous Silica Framework for Synergistic Electrochemical Activation in High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

The development of advanced anode materials for lithium-ion batteries that can provide high specific capacity and stable cycle performance is of paramount importance. This study presents a novel approach for synthesizing molecular-level homogeneous carbon integration to porous SiO nanoparticles (SiO@C NPs) tailored to enhance their electrochemical activities for lithium-ion battery anode. By varying the ratio of the precursors for sol-gel reaction of (phenyltrimethoxysilane (PTMS) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)), the carbon content and porosity within SiO@C NPs is precisely controlled. With a 4:6 PTMS and TEOS ratio, the SiO@C NPs exhibit a highly mesoporous structure with thin carbon and the partially reduced SiO phases, which balances ion and charge transfer for electrochemical activation of SiO@C NPs resulting remarkable capacity and cycle performance. This study offers a novel strategy for preparing affordable high capacity SiO-based advanced anode materials with enhanced electrochemical performances.