Investigation of excellent transparent conducting electrode for efficient organometallic halide perovskite solar cell

As windows for the transmission of photons and electrons, applications of front contact transparent conducting electrodes (TCE) have played significant roles in efficient organometallic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The widely exploited indium-doped SnO2 (ITO) electrodes have indeed been searched for replacements because of their increasing cost and inherent fragility. So far, ultrathin metal film adhesion to surfaces has indeed been characterized by a rough, discontinuous morphology and poor opto-physical properties. The suggested possible steadier and better work functions of TCEs are the most economically advantageous methods for boosting the effectiveness of the optimized PSC through the drift–diffusion approach. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) stands out as one of the appropriate special TCE applications among the many perspectives with high conductivity and transparency, because of its abundance in nature, exceptional optoelectronic properties, and potential for large-scale production. For excellent performance in the optimal PSC, the design has an extensive range of fascinated on rGO as TCEs and with the extreme thickness of methyl ammonium lead iodide-bromide (MAPbI2Br1), offered a maximum PCE of 25.01