Cadmium Stress Alleviation: Interplay of Micronutrients and Enzymatic/Non-enzymatic Species in Maize by Organic and Inorganic Amendments

With the advancement in industrialization and to cope with the ever-increasing demand for food, the farmer community is compelled to use various approaches, including the excessive use of phosphatic fertilizers, irrigation with contaminated water, and limited access to alternative inputs. These practices have resulted in cadmium toxicity. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of four organic amendments including press mud, sugar cane bagasse, humic acid, and biochar along with four inorganic amendments including gypsum, CaCl2, iron and silicon nanoparticles in reducing the bioavailability of Cd in soil. The results revealed that the press mud treatment exhibited the highest percentage increase in growth and physiological indices, with a value of 188.63