Primordial black hole probes of heavy neutral leptons
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Primordial black holes (PBH), while still constituting a viable dark matter
component, are expected to evaporate through Hawking radiation. Assuming the
semi-classical approximation holds up to near the Planck scale, PBHs are
expected to evaporate by the present time, emitting a significant flux of
particles in their final moments, if produced in the early Universe with an
initial mass of ∼ 10^15 g. These ”exploding” black holes will release
a burst of Standard Model particles alongside any additional degrees of
freedom, should they exist. We explore the possibility that heavy neutral
leptons (HNL), mixing with active neutrinos, are emitted in the final
evaporation stages. We calculate the expected number of active neutrinos from
such an event, including contributions due to the HNL decay for different
assumptions on the mixings. We infer sensitivities on the active-sterile
neutrino mixing and on the sterile neutrino mass, finding that, for instance,
for the scenario where U_τ 4≠ 0, IceCube could improve current
constraints by ∼ 2 orders of magnitude, for HNLs masses between 0.1 - 1
GeV, for a PBH at a distance of ∼ 10^-4 pc from Earth.
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