Synthesis of Substituted Arylidene Hydrazinyl Trifluoromethyl Thiazole Derivatives and their Antibacterial Studies using different Genes Expression

Cyclization of substituted thiosemicarbazones with 3-bromo-1,1,1-trifluoroacetone affords new 2-(arylidenehydrazinyl)-4-trifluoromethylthiazoles (3 a-m, 13 examples, 71-89 %). These compounds were synthesized in two steps and characterized using 1H-, 13C-NMR, FTIR spectroscopy, and HRMS. All of these compounds show potent activity against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia) bacterial strains. The compounds 2-(2-(1-(4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)-4(trifluoromethyl)thiazole (3 b), 2-(2-(2-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole (3 c), and 2-(2-(3-fluorobenzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiazole (3 k) show optimal minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16 mu g/mL against E. coli and (32, 32, and 8 mu g/ml) against K. pneumonia, respectively. Using a qRT-PCR technique the gene expression of two different genes (FLU and mexB) was determined. Most of these compounds (3 a, d-j, l, m) exhibited downregulation of these genes for both types of bacteria, whereas the gene expressions were unaffected after treating 3 b, 3 c and 3 k. This means that although these compounds were able to inhibit bacterial growth, they did not target the FLU and mexB genes in both types of bacteria. These findings suggest further investigations for lead optimization could provide viable antibiotics due to their structural similarity with some commercially available antibiotics. Thirteen new Arylidene hydrazinyl trifluoromethyl thiazole derivatives have been synthesized and characterized. The synthesized compounds have been evaluated for their potential antimicrobial activity against two bacterial strains, E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Gene expression studies were conducted using qRT-PCR techniques, a downregulation of genes was observed. image