Unravelling regional development through the production-living-ecological perspective: Assessing heterogeneity and expert insights

This study delves into the spatial heterogeneity of Production-Living-Ecological Spaces (PLES) at the township scale in Zhejiang, China. By leveraging a comprehensive array of spatial data and advanced analytical methods, we uncover distinct patterns and variations within these spaces. Our analysis brings to light the complex interactions between human activities, land use, and ecological factors in the region. Through grid-based evaluation, significant spatial disparities in land use across Zhejiang Province are identified, reflecting the diverse socio-economic and environmental fabric of the area. Particularly notable is the dominance of ecological considerations in economically developed and coastal regions. Spatial autocorrelation analysis reinforces this finding by confirming functional clustering among neighboring townships. The application of triangular coordinate analysis further underlines the preponderance of ecological factors, pointing to a prevailing trend of environmental prioritization. Complementing the spatial data analysis, insights from expert interviews add depth to our understanding. These discussions with professionals engaged in PLES planning and development elucidate the real-world implications of our findings, offering a nuanced perspective on the challenges and opportunities in managing these spaces. Experts highlight the need for an improved approach to accommodating the functions of production, living, and ecological spaces, addressing both regional needs and sustainable development goals. The study contributes to the field of regional planning and sustainable development, emphasizing the importance of recognizing and addressing spatial heterogeneity in PLES. It provides insights for decision-makers and planners seeking to navigate the delicate balance of socio-ecological landscapes in Zhejiang and similar regions.