Operation Modes of an Optically Pumped 6H-SiC Quantum/Solid State Magnetometer

Magnetometry is a crucial tool for various remote sensing application. In Space, it serves planetary science, Earth science, and Heliophysics. On Earth, it aids in GPS-denied navigation, geological surveying, and submarine detection, among other uses. This study compares different operational modes of a magnetic field compensation-based quantum solid-state magnetometer. It leverages the optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of spin-sensitive quantum centers in 6H silicon carbide (6H-SiC). The three potential operational modes—zero field splitting (ZFS), level anti-crossing (LAC) 1 and LAC 2—are evaluated in the context of scientific requirements: ZFS mode enhances signal without bias fields, while LAC-focused operation is power-efficient, making it especially interesting for space applications. This research highlights the advantage of using 6H-SiC over other solid state quantum spin materials due to the modest compensation field requirements. Additionally, we show promising sensor head miniaturization, demonstrating feasibility for accurate measurements. Integrating a compact fiber-based system with a 3-axis Helmholtz coil framework holds promise for practical applications, improving spatial distribution and sensing versatility. Overall, this research provides details for a compensation mode ODMR magnetometer and its potential applications, particularly in fields such as space exploration and compact sensors requiring precise measurements of the ambient magnetic field magnitude and orientation.