The association between noise and pregnancy complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Noise exposure during pregnancy may be correlated with a higher risk of pregnancy complications, such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and pre-eclampsia (PE). The link between noise and pregnancy complications, however, has been inconsistently reported. The objective of our study is to summarize the association of noise exposure throughout pregnancy with the risk of pregnancy complications. PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched up to 5 March 2024 for published articles investigating the relationship between noise pollution and pregnancy complications (HDP, GDM, and PE). Random and fixed-effects models were used to aggregate relative risks (RRs) and 95