Traveling strings of active dipolar colloids
arxiv(2024)
Abstract
We study an intriguing new type of self-assembled active colloidal polymer
system in 3D. It is obtained from a suspension of Janus particles in an
electric field that induces parallel dipoles in the particles as well as
self-propulsion in the plane perpendicular to the field. At low packing
fractions, in experiment, the particles self-assemble into 3D columns that are
self-propelled in 2D. Explicit numerical simulations combining dipolar
interactions and active self-propulsion find an activity dependent transition
to a string phase by increasing dipole strength. We classify the collective
dynamics of strings as a function of rotational and translational diffusion.
Using an anisotropic version of the Rouse model of polymers with active
driving, we analytically compute the strings' collective dynamics and centre of
mass motion, which matches simulations and is consistent with experimental
data. We also discover long range correlations of the fluctuations along the
string contour that grow with the active persistence time, a purely active
effect that disappears in the thermal limit.
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