System Biology Approaches for Systemic Diseases: Emphasis on Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Allied Metabolism

The crosstalk between energy metabolism and calorie uptake by any human is considered as the epicenter for a myriad of metabolic emergency. The systemic and mechanistic link between the availability of excessive release of glucose and its subsequent storage as fat within adipose tissue leads unwanted factors for initiating the malfunctioning of organ system. This paradigm shift reorganizes the homeostatic metabolism, which finally end up with metabolic complications. Glucose toxicity is a term which defines a metabolic condition, which can start or vice-versa stop the initiation of metabolic emergency. In fact, human awareness towards healthy low-sugar diet, hale and hearty exercise, good habits of saying “NO” to alcohol and abusive drugs can render beneficial effects without any medicine. The homeostatic control of mTOR signaling pathway can prevent the deposition of fats, which can systematically prevent an individual from cardiovascular attacks, obesity, diabetes and its associated complications of chronic nephropathy, acute retinopathy, limb amputation, imbalanced gut microbiota and pre-mature aging. Although, sexual mood, potency and fertility are also related with glucose toxicity. The present article articulates the epitome of type II diabetes and its associated complications with critical autopsy of mTOR signaling metabolic cascade.