Role of diverting colostomy and reconstruction in managing Fournier's gangrene-a narrative review

ObjectiveTo examine the role of bowel diversion and reconstructive surgeries in managing Fournier's gangrene (FG) to facilitate multidisciplinary collaboration between urologists, colorectal and plastic surgery teams.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted using the databases Medline, Embase, PubMed in June 2023. The review included studies that evaluated the outcomes of FG following reconstructive surgeries or diverting colostomies.ResultsThe existing evidence suggests that bowel diversion and colostomy formation could reduce the need for further debridement, shorten the time to wound healing, and facilitate skin graft or flap uptake in patients with FG. Additionally, the psychological impact of a stoma was shown not to be a major concern for patients. However, stoma carries a risk of perioperative complications and therefore may prolong the length of hospital stay. In reviewing the evidence for reconstruction in FG, large and deep defects seem to benefit from skin grafts or flaps. Noticeably, burial of testicles in thigh pockets has grown out of favour due to concerns regarding the thermoregulation of the testicles and the psychological impact on patients.ConclusionThe use of bowel diversion and reconstructive surgeries in managing FG is case dependent. Therefore, it is important to have close discussions with colorectal and plastic surgery teams when managing FG.