Reverse Engineering Based on Digital Data Capture In Situ as a Methodology for the Study of Space Labor Risk in Construction Works and Its Applicability in BIM

Featured Application Through the use of high-precision 3D virtual reconstruction techniques, together with comparison algorithms, this study is a clear advance in the field of building execution and, more specifically, in the prevention of occupational risks during the said process from the point of view of its management, inspection, evaluation, and control. It is about introducing high-precision 3D reconstruction technologies, which, when applied during the execution of construction projects, allow better monitoring. These 3D reconstructions are generated through terrestrial laser scanner records in different phases of the work, capturing processes and operators with simultaneous activity and their possible interferences and thus associated risks. With this, the responsible agents can evaluate the prevention strategies to follow and choose the most appropriate ones. On the other hand, this 3D virtual technology allows construction managers to analyze the model with the aim of improving quality standards in construction, being able to determine very precise and detailed data of the work in each phase without the need to be in the same. The findings remind project managers of the advantages of these technologies to make their work easier, especially in cases of project complexity, uncertainty in the dating and available information, and interactions between different operators.Abstract In the intelligent manufacturing process and digitization, new research spaces have been created, such as reverse engineering and its use for the detection of risks in construction. For this reason, in this research, an analysis methodology is proposed that, through terrestrial laser scanner records in different phases of the work, allows for an analysis and evaluation of the identification of security risks. In addition, by capturing different processes, it can be determined not only interferences from different operators that can generate risk but also establish quality standards in construction, such as determining the thicknesses of the coating of the concrete manufactured "in situ". Therefore, this research responds to quality analysis in the material execution of the activity and construction of formwork systems and their safety, as well as defining the location of the static and dynamic elements of the model. This value of the morphometric parameter of the building and the scene to be represented characterizes the morphometrics of the work execution activities and finally evaluates the semantic information model of the BIM construction, in which the deformations between the ideal model and what was executed. With the results of this study, it can be concluded that the latest 3D model reconstruction techniques (BIM), together with comparison algorithms, can determine millimeter precision, and with that, it can establish a better method for inspection, evaluation, and control through non-destructive technology.