The use of tractor aggregates on a medium-sized farm in arable production

The intensity of use and work output of tractors and implements were investigated using the example of a medium-sized family farm. The farm is located in central Serbia and cultivates 44 ha of arable land for livestock farming. The farm has 3 tractors, 22 attachments, a self-propelled combine harvester for harvesting small grains, and a combine harvester for silage preparation. In the 2021/22 production year, the tractors were used for a total of 376.92 hours, namely 170.58 hours for the FIAT 78 tractor, 144.17 hours for the IMT-539, and 62.17 hours for the IMT-558. Tractors and attachments were most frequently used to produce wheat (10 h ha-1), silage maize (9.94 h ha-1), soybeans (9.72 h ha-1), oats (9.17 h ha-1), barley (8.58 h ha-1) and grain maize (8.17 h ha-1). The greatest engagement of mechanization was in basic tillage 31%, pre-sowing preparation with a rotary harrow 25%, and the least in spreading mineral fertilizers, protecting plants from diseases, and pests, and destroying weeds 8% of the total working time.