Assessment of psychological distress in patients with cervical dysplasia according to age, education, information acquisition and information level

Abstract Purpose: This study aims to investigate the psychological distress experienced by patients with initial diagnosis of abnormal Pap smears or dysplastic changes of the cervix uteri. It is investigated whether patients' age, education, information level and approach to information acquisition have an impact on their psychological distress. Methods: A total of 364 female patients, aged 20-80 years, referred to the special dysplasia consultation hour at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuerzburg, completed a questionnaire containing validated items to assess information level, information acquisition, information needs and psychological distress, including a distress thermometer. Data from questionnaires and medical reports were used for analysis. Results: The study found that 56.9% of patients experienced psychological distress before their first visit. Patients under 44 years of age, especially those with concerns about fertility and sexuality, and those with lower levels of education showed higher levels of distress (p-value=0.018 and p-value=0.037). 40.9% of patients felt poorly informed and 53.7% of patients wanted more information before their visit. Correlational analysis showed that the method of obtaining information correlated with the desire for more information (p-value <0.001). Those who received information via the Internet felt less informed, wanted more information and experienced more anxiety. Conclusion: These findings highlight the need for improved patient education strategies and effective doctor-patient communication to address the knowledge gap and reduce patient distress. In addition, healthcare providers should ensure that patients have access to reliable online resources for accurate information.