A Survey on AI-based Parkinson Disease Detection: Taxonomy, Case Study, and Research Challenges

Parkinson Disease (PD) is most common diseases from majority of disease encountered all over the world, with more than 7 million individuals being affected. PD is a type of progressive nervous system disease, causing deterioration in health or function. The timely identification of PD is a significant challenge because it rarely shows symptoms in the early stages. Moreover, it is typically encountered in older people where the symptoms sometimes coincide with age-related issues. Deep Learning (DL) can be integrated into many methodologies in diagnosing PD, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT). DL algorithms can detect PD based on observing some common symptoms. Moreover, it can also be detected using brain MRI images. So, in this study, we reviewed existing DL algorithms for timely identification of PD. We also have developed a CNN model for the timely identification of PD. We used 3D brain MRI images of PPMI datasets and achieved the 88% accuracy.