Active particles knead three-dimensional gels into open crumbs
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Colloidal gels are prime examples of functional materials exhibiting
disordered, amorphous, yet meta-stable forms. They maintain stability through
short-range attractive forces and their material properties are tunable by
external forces. Combining persistent homology analyses and simulations of
three-dimensional colloidal gels doped with active particles, we reveal novel
dynamically evolving structures of colloidal gels. Specifically, we show that
the local injection of energy by active dopants can lead to highly porous, yet
compact gel structures that can significantly affect the transport of active
particles within the modified colloidal gel. We further show the substantially
distinct structural behaviour between active doping of 2D and 3D systems by
revealing how passive interfaces play a topologically different role in
interacting with active particles in two and three dimensions. The results open
the door to an unexplored prospect of forming a wide variety of compact but
highly heterogeneous and percolated porous media through active doping of 3D
passive matter, with diverse implications in designing new functional materials
to active ground remediation.
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